新疆盘羊种群结构与资源现状

１９９０～１９９４年，结合国际狩猎场规划，对新疆６个代表区域盘羊Ｏｖｉｓａｍｍｏｎ种群作了专题研究。涉及盘羊准噶尔亚种Ｏ．ａ．ｓｅｉｒｅｓｉｓ、南天山亚种Ｏ．ａ．ｋａｒｅｌｉｎｉ和阿尔金山亚种Ｏ．ａ．ｄａｌａｉ ｌａｍｏｅ。调查面积８３４６ｋm₂，约占新疆盘羊分布总面积的１１．１％。共统计到８６６只个体。集群类型中，母子群占总群数３１．９％，混合群占２１．７％，雄性群占４６．４％。根据不同区域统计７５群计算，平均每群８．８９（３．９５～１１．６）头，其中１～１０头群占７３．３％；１１～２０头群占１７．３％；２１～３０头群占２．７％；３１～４０头群占４％；４１～５０头群占２．７％。集群规模与栖息密度呈正相关。不同区域性比组成差异显著，雄雌比从１∶０．５４～１∶３．５４不等，平均为１∶１．７８。栖息密度以若羌阿尔金山最高，达１．６７±０３３头／ｋm₂，其次为玛依力山、艾尔宾山等，推算考察区共有盘羊３８３２～６３５４头。

THE POPULATION STRUCTURE AND PRESENT RESOURCE STATUS OF ARGALI IN XINJIANG

From 1990 to 1994,special surveys of Argali Ovis ammon population were conducted in six representative areas of Xinjiang in combination with the planning of international hunting fields. Three subspecies—O. a. seiresis,O. a.karelini and O. a. dalai lamoe —had been surveyed. The total investigation area is 8 346km₂,which occupies about 11 1% of all the Argali distribution area in Xinjiang. 866 individuals are recorded. The number of the female juvenile group occupies 31 9% of the total groups ,the male group 46 4%,and the mixed group 21 7%. According to the statistical results of 75 groups,the average group size of all areas is 8.89(3 95～11 6)head. Of them,the group size of 1～10 head occupies 73.3%,of 11～20 head 17.3%,of 21～30 head 2 7%,of 31～40 head 4%,and of 41～50 head 2 7%. The group size positively relates to population density. The difference of sex ratio (male∶female) is obvious in different areas,ranging from 1∶0 54～1∶3 54. The average is 1∶1.78. The highest Argali density is found in the Altun Mt.,reaching 1 67±0 33 head/ km₂. The second is in the Mayil Mt The sum total of Argali in all the survey regions is estimated at 3 832～6 354 head.