新疆叶尔羌河流域地表水水化学特征及控制因素

本文运用Piper三线图、Gibbs图、饱和指数和离子比例关系等方法分析新疆叶尔羌河流域地表水水化学特征及其控制因素,对流域地表水资源合理开发利用具有重要意义.结果 表明,地表水pH范围为7.40 ～ 8.33,均值为7.92,整体呈弱碱性.河水、渠水和水库水的溶解性总固体(TDS)均值呈现依次递增的趋势,其中河水的T...

Hydrochemical Characteristic and Their Controlling Factors in the Yarkant River Basin of Xinjiang

In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water in the Yarkant River Basin of Xinjiang and their controlling factors were analyzed using a Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram, saturation index, ion proportional relationship, and other methods. The study has significance to the surface water resources in the basin for development and utilization. The results indicated that the pH of the surface water ranged from 7.40 to 8.33, with a mean value of 7.92, which was weakly alkaline. The mean value of the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the river, canal, and reservoir water exhibited an increasing trend. The TDS mean of the river was 429.24 mg·L^-1, higher than the average value of rivers worldwide (115 mg·L^-1). The hydrochemical types of the river water were predominantly HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na and SO₄·HCO₃·Cl-Ca·Na·Mg types, of the canal water was mainly HCO₃·SO₄·Cl-Ca·Na type, and of the reservoir water was mostly the SO₄·Cl-Na·Ca type. The TDS of the river water along the Yarkant River and Tiznap River demonstrated a continuous increase and fluctuation trend, respectively, while the variation of the primary ions was relatively complex. The primary ions of surface water were mostly influenced by rock weathering, evaporation crystallization, and cation exchange, in which gypsum and rock salt were predominantly dissolved in the process of rock weathering. In addition, human activities had significant effects on the chemical composition of the surface water downstream.