刚毛藻分解对上覆水磷含量及赋存形态的影响

在荣成天鹅湖刚毛藻暴发区域采集新鲜沉积物和刚毛藻进行室内模拟试验,定期监测上覆水中溶解氧(DO)、pH和电导率等理化参数,分析水体总磷(TP)、可溶性总磷(DTP)、可溶性磷(SRP)、溶解性有机磷(DOP)和颗粒态磷(PP)的含量变化,并探讨了刚毛藻分解对沉积物磷释放的影响.结果表明,刚毛藻分解过程中上覆水DO含量明显降低,其中30 g藻+水+沉积物处理基本维持在厌氧状态(0～0.17 mg·L-1);各处理水体pH值略有降低,加藻处理约降低了1个单位.刚毛藻分解使上覆水总磷及各形态磷含量大幅上升,且随藻量的增加,上升幅度变大,其中TP含量变化在0.04～1.34 mg·L-1之间.藻+水处理上覆水中磷的形态以DOP和PP为主,而藻+水+沉积物处理SRP含量明显升高.结果说明,刚毛藻分解过程中自身可释放大量的磷,且释放形态以PP和DOP为主;另一方面,藻类分解可明显促进沉积物中磷的释放,从而使得上覆水SRP含量大幅增加.

Influence of Decomposition of Cladophora sp. on Phosphorus Concentrations and Forms in the Overlying Water

Sediments were sampled in the dominated zone of Cladophora sp. in Rongcheng Swan Lake, and cultivated with algae in the laboratory to reveal the influence of Cladophora decomposition on concentrations and forms of phosphorus in the overlying water. Concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), dissolved total phosphorus (DTP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), particulate phosphorus (PP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) in overlying water were investigated, and some physicochemical parameters, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and conductivity were monitored during the experiment. In addition, the influence of algae decomposition on P release from sediments was analyzed. Due to the decomposition of Cladophora, DO concentration in the overlying water declined remarkably and reached the anoxic condition (0-0.17 mg·L^-1). The pH value of different treatments also decreased, and treatments with algae reduced by about 1 unit. Concentrations of TP and different P forms all increased obviously, and the increasing extent was larger with the adding algae amount. TP concentrations of different treatments varied from 0.04 mg·L^-1 to 1.34 mg·L^-1. DOP and PP were the main P forms in the overlying water in algae without sediments treatments, but SRP concentrations became much higher in algae with sediments treatments. The result showed that P forms released from decomposing Cladophora were mainly DOP and PP, and the Cladophora decomposition could also promote the sediments to release P into the overlying water.