基于SBM-DEA模型的中部地区资源环境效率格局演化及成因机理分析

资源环境是制约区域发展的重要影响因素,区域资源环境的利用是否有效是衡量地区综合发展水平的关键指标之一。因此对区域资源环境效率格局及其成因机理进行时空动态模拟,不仅有助于人们了解区域投入产出的过程与效益,同时又能为相关部门制定区域发展规划以及缓解区域人地矛盾提供参考依据。利用SBM-DEA模型分析2005~2014年间中部地区资源环境效率时空分异特征,并探讨了造成其格局演化的成因机理,得到如下结论:(1)从资源环境效率结果来看,2005~2014年中部地区资源环境效率总体呈现稳步上升态势;(2)省会城市、长江和京广等国家发展轴线的重要节点城市资源环境效率较高,远离长江、京广等重要轴线的城市资源环境效率较低的空间分布格局逐步形成;(3)从资源环境效率与投入产出的耦合关系来看,中部地区75%左右的城市处于Ⅰ类型,较少城市处于Ⅱ类型,极少数城市处于Ⅲ~ⅩⅢ类型。近10 a来中部地区普遍处于低投入、低产出、低污染的发展阶段,资源环境效率较高及以上城市数量先减少后增加,中等效率的城市数量先增加后趋于稳定,效率较低及以下的城市数量呈逐步减少的趋势;(4)促进资源环境效率的主导因素为地区经济发展水平,制约资源环境效率的主导因素为能源消耗。

PATTERN OF EVOLUTION AND FORMATION MECHANISM ANALYSIS OF RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT EFFICIENCY OF CITIES IN CENTRAL CHINA BASED ON SBM-DEA MODEL

Resources and environment are two important factors that restrict the development of a city,and regional resources and environment efficiency is one of the key indicators that reflects the comprehensive development level of a region.Therefore,analyzing the spatial-temporal pattern of regional resources and environment efficiency as well as its formation mechanism is not only helpful to understand the regional inputoutput process and benefit,but also provide reference for the relevant departments to formulate regional development planning and alleviate the contradiction between the local people and the land.This article analyzes spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of resources and environment efficiency of cities in central China from 2005 to 2014 by using SBM-DEA model,and then discusses the underlying formation mechanism.The results indicate that:(1) the resources and environment efficiency in central China has shown a steady upward trend.(2) The resources and environment efficiency in capital cities along with the important node cities that closed to the Yangtze River and Beijing-Guangzhou axis is higher,while it is lower in the rest cities.(3) From the perspective of the coupling between input-output and resources and environment efficiency,about 75％ cities in central China are in type Ⅰ,seldom cities are in type Ⅱ,and very few cities are in type Ⅲ ～Ⅻ.In the past decade,the central China is commonly in the low-input,low-output and low-pollution development stage.The number of cities with higher resources and environment efficiency decreased first and then increase,the number of medium-efficient cities increases first and then stabilizes.The number of cities with lower resources and environment efficiency is in a decreasing trend.(4) Regional economic development level is playing a dominant role in promoting local resource and environmental efficiency,while energy consumption is an important factor that restrict the resource and environmental efficiency.