中国矿产资源基地划定指标体系构建与应用——以铁矿为例

矿产资源基地是优化中国矿产资源勘查开发布局、保障国内资源有效供应的战略核心区域。在分析基地布局影响因素的基础上,从资源基础、开发条件、市场需求和国家战略等方面构建了矿产资源基地划定指标体系。其中资源基础包括预测资源量、查明资源储量和设计开采规模,开发条件包括缺水程度和交通优势度,市场需求包括后续冶炼加工企业布局与产值,国家战略主要体现为区域协调发展战略对矿产资源基地布局的要求。在此基础上,以铁矿为例开展了实证研究,采用聚类分析、核密度估计等方法对各单项指标进行了分析评价,在全国识别了辽宁鞍山—本溪等12个铁矿资源基地。研究结果可以为“十四五”时期中国矿产资源基地调整优化提供参考,对其他矿产资源空间政策区的划定具有一定借鉴意义。

The formulation and application of the index system for the delimitation of mineral resources bases in China: A case study of iron ore

Mineral resources bases are the strategic core area to optimize the layout of mineral resources exploration and development in China and ensure resources security. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of mineral resources bases layout, this study formulated an index system to delimitate the mineral resources bases from the following four aspects: resource endowment, development conditions, market demand and national strategy. The resource endowment includes three indexes, namely, forecast resources, identified resources and development & utilization status quo; the development conditions include water shortage degree and transportation superiority; the market demand includes both the layout and output values of subsequent smelting and processing enterprises; the national strategy can be mainly reflected by the requirements of regional coordinated development strategy for the layout of mineral resources bases. On this basis, taking iron ore as an example, this paper carried out an empirical study on the delimitation of mineral resources bases to test the rationality of the index system. After evaluation of the resource endowment indexes by cluster analysis and kernel density estimation, and analysis of all the other indexes, twelve iron ore resources bases were identified through comprehensive judgment, including Anshan-Benxi of Liaoning, Eastern Hebei, Panzhihua-Xichang of Sichuan, Xinzhou-Luliang of Shanxi, Central-Western Shandong, Baotou of Inner Mongolia, Huoqiu and Ningwu-Luzong of Anhui, Southwest Hubei, Lancang of Yunnan, Tianshan and Western Kunlun of Xinjiang. The results provide some references for the adjustment and optimization of China's mineral resources bases for the "14th Five-year Plan", and might be significative to the delimitation of other mineral resources spatial policy areas.