生物多样性维护功能评估及其空间尺度效应分析——以陕西省为例

生物多样性维护功能评估是生态系统综合评估的重要内容。基于物种丰富度的海拔梯度格局规律来修正生物多样性维护服务能力指数模型,并探讨该模型在省级、市级和生物多样性优先区三种不同尺度水平的评估响应。结果显示：（1）三种尺度识别的生物多样性极重要区面积和空间分布差异较大,省级尺度评估的极重要区集中于秦巴山地,市级尺度评估时极重要区分布广泛且布局分散,优先区尺度评估时极重要区与自然保护区重叠面积最大。（2）三种尺度评估识别的精准度由大到小依次为：优先区尺度（19.5%）>省级尺度（11.7%）>市级尺度（11.2%）,优先区尺度评估识别的精准度明显高于行政区尺度的评估。（3）优先区尺度评估识别的极重要区面积为28032.3 km²,占陕西省国土面积的13.7%;极重要区内土地利用结构和物种重要性综合评估结果优于行政区尺度的评估结果。

Spatial scale effect analysis and evaluation of biodiversity maintenance function: Case study of Shaanxi province

Evaluation of biodiversity maintenance function is an essential precondition for ecosystem assessment. In this study, we modified and improved the biodiversity maintenance service capability model based on the law of species richness vertical zonality. Then, we further quantified the responses among three spatial scales of provincial, municipal and priority zones. The main conclusions in this study are as follows: (1) There are significant distribution differences in the scales of provincial, municipal and priority areas of biodiversity conservation (PABC). The most important areas in the provincial scale are concentrated in the Qinling-Daba mountains, while they are scarcely distributed at the municipal scale. There is a high consistency of distribution between nature reserves and the most important areas at the priority area scale. (2) The accuracy of identification from high to low in the three scales was: the priority area scale (19.5%), provincial scale (11.7%), and municipal scale (11.2%). The priority area scale assessment is more accurate than that of the administrative area scale. (3) The most important area identified by the scale assessment of the priority area is 28032.3 km², accounting for 13.7% of Shaanxi province. Comprehensive evaluation results of land use structure and species importance in extremely important areas are superior to those in the administrative area scale.