红色旅游发展效率评价及影响因素研究——以黔北黔西红色旅游区为例

红色旅游发展效率表征旅游区红色旅游高质量发展水平。以黔北黔西红色旅游区为研究对象,借助DEA模型及Malmquist指数对2014—2019年该区域17个县（市、区）的红色旅游发展效率进行测度,同时利用核密度函数和多元线性回归模型分别剖析了其空间演化特征与关键影响因素。研究发现：（1）研究区域内红色旅游发展效率整体偏低,受技术进步的积极影响,多数县（市、区）红色旅游发展效率呈稳步提升状态;（2）红色旅游发展效率具备空间集聚性和异质性的特征,整体呈现“M”型双峰分布,区域分布差异较大;（3）技术创新、红色旅游资源优势度、交通便利性是影响该区域红色旅游发展效率的主要因素,政府对旅游经济干预程度、经济发展水平和人才规模对该区域红色旅游发展效率的影响较小,产业结构对改善该区域红色旅游发展效率的积极影响尚未凸显。

The evaluation of red tourism development efficiency and its influencing factors: A case study of the red tourism region in Northern and Western Guizhou

The development efficiency of red tourism represents the high-quality development level of red tourism. Taking the red tourism region in Northern and Western Guizhou province as the research object, we used DEA model and Malmquist index to measure the red tourism development efficiency of 17 counties in the study area from 2014 to 2019, and applied the kernel density function and multiple linear regression model to analyze the characteristics of its spatial evolution and key influencing factors. The research found that: (1) The overall efficiency of red tourism development in the study area is low. Thanks to the technological progress, the development efficiency of red tourism in most of the counties (cities, districts) is steadily improving. (2) The spatial distribution of red tourism development efficiency has the characteristics of agglomeration and heterogeneity, showing an "M" bimodal pattern as a whole, and the distribution of red tourism development efficiency varies greatly among counties (districts and cities). (3) Technological innovation, the advantage of red tourism resources, and the convenience of transportation are the main factors that affect the development efficiency of red tourism in the region. The economic intervention from the government to the tourism, the level of economic development, and the scale of talents have little impact on the efficiency of red tourism development in the region. The positive impact of structure on improving the efficiency of red tourism development in the region has not yet been highlighted.