煤矿社区居民的资源开发态度及其影响因素分析

居民对资源开发的态度是资源开发管理的重要社会与公众基础。基于对煤矿社区居民的调研数据,实证分析了居民资源开发态度的特征及其影响因素差异。结果显示：煤矿社区居民对资源开发总体呈现比较反对的态度。居民社会人口属性方面,受教育水平越高其对资源开发态度的支持程度越高;女性比男性更支持煤矿开采。在社会文化层面,就业机会和社会个人利益正向、显著影响居民资源开发态度;煤矿开采对居民生活和健康的不利影响负向、显著影响居民资源开发态度。在经济交通层面,资源开发的配套设施建设正向、显著影响居民资源开发态度;土地破坏和粮食减产负向、显著影响居民资源开发态度。在生态环境层面,自然灾害和地质灾害发生情况以及水质和水量的下降情况负向、显著影响居民资源开发态度。建议未来应制定针对性政策,改善居民资源开发态度,并着眼于资源开发沟通机制的完善、居民参与资源开发规划的制定和外部管理制度建设能力的提升。

Analysis on the attitudes of coal mine community residents to resource development and influencing factors

The attitude of residents towards resource development is an important social and public basis for resource development management. Based on the survey data of coal mine community residents, this paper empirically analyzes the characteristics of residents' attitude to resource development and the differences of influencing factors. The results show that the residents of coal mine community are generally opposed to the development of resources. The higher the education level of residents is, the greater their support for resource development is; women support coal mining more than men. At the social and cultural levels, employment opportunities and social personal interests have a positive and significant impact on the residents' attitude towards resource development, and the adverse impact of coal mining on the life and health of residents has a negative and significant impact on the residents' attitude towards resource development. In terms of economic and transportation, the construction of supporting facilities for resource development has a positive and significant impact on residents' attitude towards resource development; land destruction and grain production reduction have a negative and significant impact on residents' attitude towards resource development. At the level of ecological environment, the occurrence of natural and geological disasters and the decline of water quality and quantity have a negative and significant impact on the residents' attitude towards resource development. It is suggested that in the future, targeted policies should be formulated to improve residents' attitude towards resource development, and special attention should be focused on the improvement of communication mechanism for resource development, the formulation of residents' participation in resource development planning and the enhancement of external management system construction capacity.