岩溶槽谷区农村居民点的时空分布特征及其驱动机制

深入分析岩溶槽谷区农村居民点的时空分布特征及驱动机制,对复杂地形、经济滞后地区建设美丽新农村有重要意义。在GIS技术支持下,基于核密度、网格、重心模型、样带及地形剖面相结合的方法,以2005年、2010年、2014年和2017年槽谷区农村居民点为数据源,对其时空演变特征及其规律进行对比分析。研究表明：（1）槽谷区农村居民点呈“西部集聚组团量少规模大,而中、东部零散错落量多规模小”的空间分布模式。（2）西部槽谷农村居民点垂直和坡度重心均有向槽坝迁移的趋势,而中、东部则相反。（3）西部槽谷农村居民点布局呈槽坝高、山坡两翼低的倒“U”型格局,而中、东部则相反。（4）槽谷区农村居民点分布格局与地形间存在密切的空间响应关系。

Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and driving mechanism of rural residential areas in karst trough valley area

The in-depth analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and driving mechanism of rural settlements in the karst trough valley area is of great significance for the construction of beautiful new countryside in complex terrain and economically lagging areas. This study, with the support of GIS technology, combined kernel density method, grid method, center-of-gravity model, transect and terrain profile, and used the data from rural settlements in trough valley areas covering years of 2005, 2010, 2014 and 2017, to conduct a comparative analysis of the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of rural settlements in the study area. The results show that: (1) The rural settlements in trough valleys show a spatial distribution pattern of "small clusters and large scales in the western trough valleys, and large and small scales in the central and eastern trough valleys". (2) The rural residential areas in the western troughs have a tendency to migrate to the trough dam vertically, while the central and eastern troughs are opposite. The terrain of the rural residential areas is: eastern trough valleys > central trough valleys > western trough valleys. (3) The rural residential areas in the western trough valleys present an inverted "U"-shaped distribution pattern with large trough dam heights and low slopes on both sides of the hillside, while the central and eastern trough valleys are opposite. (4) There is a close spatial response relationship between the distribution pattern of rural settlements in the trough valley area and the terrains.