中美职业安全健康法对比

通过对中美职业安全健康立法目的和背景的考察,对比分析职业安全健康法涉及的6项具体内容,即体例结构、适用范围、监管方式、监管体制、教育与培训、法律责任,并指出国情不同是造成中美职业安全健康法立法巨大差异的原因之一。经对比分析,可得出几点结论:从中国国情出发,走逐步完善的职业安全健康立法路径,建立独立的职业安全健康法律体系,是我国安全生产的治本之策;对从业人员的职业安全健康保护具有首要性,须明晰保护劳动者的上层法律要求,《安全生产法》并不能代替《职业安全健康法》;完善中国职业安全健康法律制度须走一体化整合的道路。

Comparative Analysis of Occupational Safety and Health Act in China and America

Based on the goal and background of occupational safety and health act in China and America,6 concrete contents involved it were analyzed,namely,the style structure,its applicable scope,its supervising managing way,the supervising and managing system,and the education and training. National condition is suggested to be one of reason why the legal liability in China and America different largely. It is concluded that from the Chinese national conditions,the establishment of an independent legal system for occupational safety and health can take a gradually improving the path of the Occupational Safety and Health legislation,that is a basic measure to solve safety production problems in our country. For employees,occupational safety and health protection is of the primary,and the protection of workers must be clear of the top legal requirements. A safety production law is not a substitute for the Occupational Safety and Health Act. It must take the road of integration to improve China Occupational Safety and Health legal system.