基于不同尺度的湘鄂赣地区传统村落空间分异及影响因素

分析区域传统村落的空间分异及影响因素,可为传统村落的整体保护与分区保护提供理论支撑,也可为制定保护政策提供科学依据。以湘鄂赣地区550个传统村落为研究对象,运用空间分析方法和数理统计方法,从市域、县域两个尺度探讨传统村落的空间分异及影响因素。结果表明:湘鄂赣地区传统村落具有分布广泛、局部集中的特征,分布形态呈集聚型,且县域尺度的集聚特征比市域尺度更明显;江汉-洞庭湖平原为低低集聚区域,传统村落分布稀疏。在两个尺度上,传统村落数量均与平均海拔、年均降雨量呈正相关,与河流密度、年均气温、公路密度、城镇化率、人均GDP、人口密度呈负相关。平均海拔、公路密度在市域尺度对传统村落的分布影响显著,年均气温、年均降雨量、人均GDP在县域尺度对传统村落的分布影响显著。自然地理因素是湘鄂赣地区传统村落形成的环境基础,并通过影响社会经济活动进而影响传统村落的保存。

Spatial Differentiation and It’s Influence Factors of Traditional Villages in Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi Provinces at Different Scales

The analysis of spatial differentiation and it’s influence factors of traditional villages can provide theoretical support for the overall protection and zoning protection of traditional villages, and also provide a scientific basis for formulating protection policies. Taking 550 traditional villages in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provinces as research objects, this paper use the methods of spatial analysis and mathematical statistics to analyse the spatial differentiation and it’s influence factors of traditional villages. The research is carried out from two scales of prefecture and county. The results showed that the traditional villages in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provinces are characterized by widespread distribution and partial concentration. The distribution pattern is a type of agglomeration and the agglomeration characteristics of county scale are more obvious than prefecture scale. The plain of Jianghan-Dongting lake is a low-low agglomeration district and the distribution of traditional villages is sparse. The number of traditional villages is positively related to the average elevation and average annual rainfall. It is negatively correlated with river density, average annual temperature, highway density, urbanization rate, per capita GDP and population density. The average elevation, highway density have a significant impact on the distribution of traditional villages at the prefecture scale. The average annual temperature, average annual rainfall and per capita GDP have a significant impact on the distribution of traditional villages at the county scale. The natural geographical factors are the environmental basis for the formation of traditional villages, and affect the preservation of traditional villages by affecting social and economic activities in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provinces.