非公路车辆翻车安全保护技术的研究

在我国农业、矿山、建筑、水利等行业中 ,非公路车辆保有量上千万台 ,使用者上亿人 ,由于车辆技术性能和操作使用水平参差不齐 ,非公路车辆作业工况恶劣 ,特别是车辆在承载时 ,重心上移 ,整车稳定性下降 ,加上车辆在边坡作业时 ,可能出现车辆翻滚现象 ,造成人员伤亡。笔者列举并分析了瑞典、德国、美国和中国等国家的非公路车辆翻车的人员伤亡统计数据 ;指出通过建立相应的保护法规 ,增设车辆翻车安全保护装置 (ROPS) ,一定程度上保护了工作人员安全 ;同时强调我国农业及工程车辆采用翻车保护装置的必要性 ,并给出了ROPS的设计选用原则。

Safety Analysis on Rollover of Off-road Vehicle

In China, more than ten million off-road vehicles are being used in agriculture, mining, construction and irrigation engineering. The vehicles are usually driven along hill-side roads, where more rollovers and accidents might happen than driving on flat fields, especially working with heavy loads. The rollovers of off-road vehicle may cause severe casualty per year. The standards of rollover protective structures (ROPS) in off-road vehicle had been developed in Sweden, Germany and the U. S. etc, and the studies showed that the reduction of rollover fatalities depends on the type of protection and the level of usage of ROPS. For this reason, it is necessary to develop the ROPS regulation in off-road vehicle in China.