台州长潭水库铁锰质量浓度变化特征及其成因分析

2013年1月以及4~12月对浙江省台州市长潭水库库区及其入库河流进行调查,同时结合历年监测数据,考察了水源水库中铁、锰质量浓度的变化特征,并依据水库水体温度、溶解氧(DO)随水体深度的变化,探讨了铁、锰超标的成因.结果表明,长潭水库水体中铁锰质量浓度季节性变化特征明显,铁、锰质量浓度在6~8月较高,水库出水口处历年最高值分别为2.38 mg·L-1和1.24 mg·L-1.铁、锰质量浓度超出《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 383822002)中0.3 mg·L-1和0.1 mg·L-1限值的情况主要发生在5~10月,2013年水库出水口处铁锰峰值分别超标5.6倍和12.4倍.入库河流铁锰质量浓度最高值分别为0.89 mg·L-1和0.56 mg·L-1,均小于同期水库出水口处铁锰质量浓度,综合分析表明外源污染并非库区水体铁锰的主要来源.7月铁锰在水库底层的质量浓度达到最大,分别为2.42 mg·L-1和1.20 mg·L-1.水体温度、溶解氧以及铁锰质量浓度在夏季的垂向分布特征表明水体热分层引起的季节性缺氧导致了沉积物中铁锰的释放,热分层效应引发的内源污染是库区水体铁锰超标的直接原因.水源水库铁锰污染的控制应该采用高效直接的原位水质改善和修复技术.

Analysis on the Variation Characteristics of Iron and Manganese Concentration and Its Genesis in Changtan Reservoir in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province

Changtan Reservoir in Taizhou City Zhejiang Province and its inflow rivers were surveyed in January and from April to December in 2013. Based on those data and the water quality monitoring data in Changtan Reservoir collected in previous years, the change characteristics of iron and manganese concentrations in source water reservoir were investigated. Furthermore, the causes of water pollution by iron and manganese were discussed based on the variation of water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) in reservoir with water depth. The results showed that the seasonal variation characteristics of iron and the manganese concentrations in reservoir were much in evidence. Their concentrations were high from June to August and the highest values over the years at the outlet of Changtan Reservoir were 2.38mg ·L^-1 and 1.24mg ·L^-1, respectively. The iron and the manganese concentrations exceeded the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB 383822002) of 0.3 mg ·L^-1 and 0.1 mg ·L^-1 from May to October. And in 2013, their highest values in the reservoir outlet exceeded the standard by 5.6 times and 12.4 times, respectively. The maxima of iron and manganese concentrations in the major rivers were 0.89 mg ·L^-1 and 0.56 mg ·L^-1, which were lower than those in the reservoir outlet. The comprehensive analysis result indicated that the exogenous pollution was not the major source of iron and manganese in the reservoir. The iron and manganese concentration at the bottom of the reservoir reached the maximum in July, 2.42 mg ·L^-1 and 1.20 mg ·L^-1, respectively. The typical vertical distribution of temperature, DO and iron and manganese concentrations in the reservoir in summer showed that seasonal anoxic environment caused by the thermal stratification led to the release of iron manganese from the deposits. The endogenous pollution caused by thermal stratification effect was the direct cause for the high iron and manganese concentrations in water. To control iron and manganese pollution in drinking water resource reservoir, efficient and direct in situ water quality improvement and repair technology should be developed.