基于一体化生态空间格局的土地利用/覆被变化及其生态环境效应——以长三角为例

区域一体化发展背景下，一体化生态空间格局的构建及其生态环境效应评估兼具丰富生态系统完整性和关联性研究的理论价值、指导生态空间跨区域协同保护的现实意义.以长三角一体化区域为案例，基于生态系统完整性和关联性，开展生态过程模拟和潜在生态廊道识别研究，构建跨区域、一体化的生态空间格局；基于2000—2018年土地利用数据，解析生态空间格局的土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC），核算生态空间格局的生态环境效应及其变化，分析污染物排放与生态环境质量的关系.结果表明，长三角地区的潜在生态廊道和一体化生态空间格局涵盖大部分城市，并主要分布在江苏沿江、安徽南部和浙江东南部地区；生态空间格局内生态用地占据主导，建设用地有缓慢增长的态势，导致生态环境质量有所降低；浙江东南部、安徽南部城市生态环境质量较高，且保持相对稳定；生态廊道内部缓冲区的生态环境质量较高，适合作为构建一体化生态空间格局、维护区域生态安全的主要载体；污染物排放与一体化生态空间的生态环境质量存在一定负相关关系，未来需要采取针对性措施以同步促进污染物减排和提升生态环境质量.

Eco-environmental effect of land use/cover change (LUCC) based on integrated ecological space: A case of Yangtze River Delta

In the context of regional integration,the collaborative protection of ecological spaces and the assessment of its eco-environmental effect receive increasing scholar attentions.It not only has potential in better our understanding on the integrity and relevance of ecosystem,but also can help promote the inter-regional collaboration of ecological conservation.Taking the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) as an example,we simulated the regional ecological process and identified important ecological corridors with Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model from the perspective of ecosystem integrity.An integrated ecological space with 140 potential ecological corridors was detected across the region.Employing the data of land use from 2000 to 2018,we further analyzed the land use/cover change (LUCC) pattern of the afore-detected space and calculated the eco-environmental effect as well as its changes through designed eco-environmental index of different land use types.The results showed that the potential ecological corridors and integrated ecological space in the YRD were mainly distributed in central Jiangsu,southeastern Zhejiang and southern Anhui.Given the rapid sprawl of urban space,the proportion of forests and waters in the ecological space tended to decrease.Consequently,the eco-environmental quality in the YRD declined with land use intensity gradually increasing.More specifically,the eco-environmental quality in southeastern Zhejiang and southern Anhui was relatively higher and more stable.Other developed cities and the outer buffers of the ecological corridors showed higher increase in land use intensity as well.We therefore argued that the inner buffers of the ecological corridors with better eco-environmental quality were more suitable to be designed as the main body of integrated ecological space.Because these spaces were generally better protected and less occupied,and could thus effectively maintain the ecological security in the YRD.There was a negative correlation between pollutant emissions and eco-environment quality of the integrated ecological space,indicating less emissions could help maintain higher eco-environmental quality.However,their relationship varied across the region.Finally,we suggested that targeted measures should be proposed to promote pollutant emission reduction and ecological environment quality improvement.