Variance estimation in the EMAP strategy for sampling discrete ecological resources |
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Authors: | W S Overton S V Stehman |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Kidder 44, 97331 Corvallis, Oregon, USA;(2) SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 320 Bray Hall, 13210 Syracuse, New York, USA |
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Abstract: | The United States Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) is designed to
describe status, trends and spatial pattern of indicators of condition of the nation's ecological resources. The proposed
sampling design for EMAP is based on a triangular systematic grid and employs both variable probability and double sampling.
The Horvitz-Thompson estimator provides the foundation of the design-based estimation strategy used in EMAP. However, special
features of EMAP designed to accommodate the complexity of sampling environmental resources on a national scale require modifications
of standard variance estimation procedures as well as development of new techniques. An overview of variance estimation methods
proposed for application to EMAP's sampling strategy for discrete resources is presented. |
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Keywords: | double sampling EMAP Horvitz-Thompson estimator systematic sampling variable probability sampling |
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