Phosphorus recovery methods from secondary resources,assessment of overall benefits and barriers with focus on the Nordic countries |
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Authors: | Hosseinian Aida Pettersson Anita Ylä-Mella Jenni Pongrácz Eva |
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Institution: | 1.Water, Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland ;2.Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90, Borås, Sweden ; |
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Abstract: | Phosphorus (P) recovery and recycling play a crucial role in improving resource efficiency, sustainable nutrient management and moving toward circular economy. Increasing demand for fertilizers, signs of geopolitical constraints, and high discharge of P to waterbodies are the other reasons to pursue the circularity of P. Various research have been carrying out and several processes have been developed for P-recovery from different resources. However, there is still a huge unexplored potential for P-recovery specially in the regional framework from the four main P-rich waste resources: food waste, manure, mining waste, and sewage sludge. This study reviews recovery methods of P from these secondary resources comprehensively. Additionally, it analyzes the Nordic viewpoint of P-cycle by evaluating Nordic reserves, demands, and secondary resources to gain a systematic assessment of how Nordic countries could move toward circular economy of P. Results of this study show that secondary resources of P in Nordic countries have the potential of replacing mineral fertilizer in these countries to a considerable extent. However, to overcome the challenges of P-recovery from studied resources, policymakers and researchers need to take decisions and make innovation along each other to open the new possibilities for Nordic economy. |
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