基于GIS的上海市河道及其水污染空间特征分析

在GIS支持下,对上海市的河道及其水质污染的空间格局进行分析,并进一步分析了水质污染面积与景观格局指数之间的关系.结果表明,上海市河道的水面率、河道密度、边界密度、分形数的空间分布特征表现为中心城区低,郊区高的趋势;河道水质污染在空间上呈现中心城区严重污染,近郊区到远郊区水质污染逐步减轻的趋势;而河道水质污染面积与河道景观空间指数之间呈现显著正相关,定量分析表明,河道污染水面积的对数与河道的边界密度之间满足非线性关系.

GIS-based analysis of spatial characteristics of watercourse and its water pollution in Shanghai City

The spatial pattern of watercourses and its water pollution in Shanghai City were analyzed supported with the Geographic Information System (GIS), the relationship between the area of polluted watercourses and its landscape metrics was further analyzed. The spatial distribution characteristics of water coverage, density, edge density and fractal dimension of watercourses in shanghai City tended to be lower in central urban area, but higher in the suburban; while the water pollution of the watercourses tended to be serious in central urban area and to be gradually mitigated from suburban to exurban. There is marked positive correlation between the area of polluted watercourses and its landscape metrics. The quantitative analysis showed a nonlinear relationship between logarithm of the area of polluted watercourses and its edge density.