A framework for understanding climate change impacts on coral reef social–ecological systems |
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| Authors: | Joshua Eli Cinner Morgan Stuart Pratchett Nicholas Anthony James Graham Vanessa Messmer Mariana Menezes Prata Bezerra Fuentes Tracy Ainsworth Natalie Ban Line Kolind Bay Jessica Blythe Delphine Dissard Simon Dunn Louisa Evans Michael Fabinyi Pedro Fidelman Joana Figueiredo Ashley John Frisch Christopher John Fulton Christina Chemtai Hicks Vimoksalehi Lukoschek Jennie Mallela Aurelie Moya Lucie Penin Jodie Lynn Rummer Stefan Walker David Hall Williamson |
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| Institution: | 1.ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,James Cook University,Townsville,Australia;2.Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science,Florida State University,Tallahassee,USA;3.School of Environmental Studies,University of Victoria,Victoria,Canada;4.Australian Institute of Marine Science,Townsville,Australia;5.WorldFish,Honiara,Solomon Islands;6.IRD-Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Univ Paris 06)-CNRS-MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory,IRD France-Nord,Bondy,France;7.ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,University of Queensland,St Lucia, Brisbane,Australia;8.School of Biological Sciences,University of Queensland,St Lucia, Brisbane,Australia;9.Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences,University of Exeter,Exeter,UK;10.Sustainability Research Centre,University of the Sunshine Coast,Maroochydore,Australia;11.Oceanographic Center,Nova Southeastern University,Dania Beach,USA;12.ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, Research School of Biology,The Australian National University,Canberra,Australia;13.Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment,Stanford University,Monterey,USA;14.ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, Research School of Earth Sciences,The Australian National University,Canberra,Australia;15.Research School of Biology,The Australian National University,Canberra,Australia;16.UMR 9220 UR CNRS IRD ENTROPIE - Ecologie mariNe TROpicale des océans Pacifique et IndiEn,University of Reunion Island,Saint-Denis,France |
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| Abstract: | Corals and coral-associated species are highly vulnerable to the emerging effects of global climate change. The widespread degradation of coral reefs, which will be accelerated by climate change, jeopardizes the goods and services that tropical nations derive from reef ecosystems. However, climate change impacts to reef social–ecological systems can also be bi-directional. For example, some climate impacts, such as storms and sea level rise, can directly impact societies, with repercussions for how they interact with the environment. This study identifies the multiple impact pathways within coral reef social–ecological systems arising from four key climatic drivers: increased sea surface temperature, severe tropical storms, sea level rise and ocean acidification. We develop a novel framework for investigating climate change impacts in social–ecological systems, which helps to highlight the diverse impacts that must be considered in order to develop a more complete understanding of the impacts of climate change, as well as developing appropriate management actions to mitigate climate change impacts on coral reef and people. |
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