中石化江苏成品油一次配送空间格局与优化

基于详实准确的政府及企业调研数据,以中石化江苏成品油一次配送为例,从配置效益和空间结构视角出发,借助运用地理网络分析和线性优化模型等方法,通过单位输油成本计算、优化情景构建计算和成品油配送格局比较分析,系统解析成品油一次配送空间格局与优化配置情况,从理论上尝试探讨其地理网络结构。研究发现：优化情境下的成本较2017年实际状况减少了30%左右,表明中石化江苏成品油一次配送效益不够优化;理论上,根据成品油“就近配置”原则,不同炼油企业各自在其优化情景区界内,配送单位输油成本较低的成品油;实际上,由于炼油企业的炼油能力差异、成品油输油通道不完善和分销中心油库设置差异等原因,不同炼油企业之间存在着相较优化情景区界或大或小的实际输油区界,且存在着某些分销中心油库同时接纳不同炼油企业成品油的现象,即存在混合输油区域。

Spatial flow pattern and optimization of Sinopec's first distribution of refined oil of Jiangsu province

Based on detailed and accurate statistical data of the government and enterprises, this paper studied the spatial flow pattern and optimization of Sinopec's first distribution of refined oil of Jiangsu province. In this study, we used the methods of Geographical Network Analysis and Linear Programming to calculate the unit oil transportation cost, combined with the optimized scenario construction and the comparative analysis of distribution pattern of refined oil. Then, we systematically analyzed the spatial flow pattern and optimized configuration of first distribution of refined oil, and attempted to explore its geographical network structure in theory, in the perspectives of allocation benefits and spatial structure. The results show that: (1) The cost under the optimization scenario is reduced by about 30% compared with the actual situation in 2017, indicating that the primary distribution benefit of Sinopec Jiangsu refined oil is not fully optimized. (2) Theoretically, according to the principle of "nearby allocation" of refined oil, different refining enterprises distribute the refined oil with lower unit oil transportation cost within their respective optimization scenario boundaries. (3) In fact, due to the differences in refining capacity of refineries, imperfect product oil transportation channels and different distribution center oil depots, there are relatively optimized scenario boundaries or large or small actual oil transportation boundaries between different refineries, and there are some distribution center oil depots (mixed oil transportation regions) that simultaneously accept the product oil of different refineries. We hope to further reveal the basic laws of spatial flow of refined oil, and provide decision-making advice from the field of economic geography for the current national market-oriented reform of refined oil and the preparation of national pipeline company.