环境约束下的福建省城市建设用地利用效率及驱动因素

研究环境约束下的城市建设用地利用效率地区差异特征及其驱动机理,对于引导城市建设用地高效利用、缓解快速城镇化进程中经济社会发展与生态环境之间的矛盾、实现区域协调发展具有重要现实意义。将环境污染作为非期望产出纳入城市建设用地利用效率评价体系,运用非期望产出SE-SBM模型、变异系数、GML指数和灰色关联度模型,系统研究2006—2016年福建省城市建设用地利用效率的时空分异特征、动态趋势演变及其驱动因素。研究表明：（1）2006—2016年福建城市建设用地利用效率总体呈正弦函数式样波动,2012—2016年投入产出效率始终位于有效前沿面。各地区效率差异明显,效率的高低与经济发展水平之间并非是正相关关系。（2）空间格局整体上呈现东部沿海地区的效率值高于西部内陆地区的分布态势,形成明显的集群效应。漳州虽属于东南部沿海地区,但2016年其效率值仍处于无效状态,未发生根本性转变,这进一步说明高效率城市的辐射带动作用较弱。（3）福建全要素生产率表现为正弦函数式样增长态势,整体发展趋势向好。技术进步引起的集聚规模效应是造成地区全要素生产增长率差异的主要原因,技术因素是缩小地区间全要素增长率差距的关键。（4）城镇化水平、生态投入、政府规制、耕地资源禀赋、科技研发投入和产业结构高级化是影响福建省城市建设用地利用效率时空分异与演变的主要驱动因素。

Research on the land-use efficiency and driving factors of urban construction in Fujian province under environmental constraints

It is of great practical significance to explore the regional difference characteristics and driving mechanism of the utilization efficiency of construction land under environmental constraints. The purpose is to guide the efficient utilization of urban construction land, alleviate the contradiction between social and economic development and ecological environment in the process of rapid urbanization, as well as achieve regional coordinated development. Taking environmental pollution as an unexpected output into the evaluation system, we systematically studied the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics, dynamic trend evolution and driving factors of urban construction land use efficiency in Fujian province from 2006 to 2016. Models adopted in this analysis include the non-expected output SE-SBM model, coefficient of variation, and GML index and gray relational model. The results showed that: (1) During 2006-2016, the utilization efficiency of urban construction land in Fujian fluctuated in a sinusoidal pattern. The input-output efficiency had always been put at the effective frontier from 2012 to 2016. It is easy to find the differences of efficiency values between regions. It can also be found that there exists a non-positive correlation between efficiency and economic development level. (2) The spatial pattern suggests that the efficiency of the eastern coastal region is higher than that of the western inland areas, which forms an obvious cluster effect. Although Zhangzhou city is located in the southeastern coastal area, its efficiency value in 2016 was still in an invalid state without a fundamental change, which further illustrates that the radiation driving role of high-efficiency cities is weak. (3) The TFP of Fujian shows a sinusoidal growth trend, and the overall development trend is good. The agglomeration scale effect caused by technological progress is the main reason for the variance in the growth rate of regional TFP. Technological factor is the key to narrow the gap in the growth rate of regional TFP. (4) Urbanization level, ecological input, government regulation, cultivated land resource endowment, R&D investment in science and technology, as well as the advanced industrial structure are the main driving factors affecting the spatiotemporal differentiation and evolution of urban construction land-use efficiency in Fujian province.