省级“双评价”的理论思考与实践方案——以浙江省为例

资源环境承载能力与国土空间开发适宜性评价（“双评价”）在国土空间规划体系中发挥着重要的基础性作用,是空间决策科学性和空间治理有效性的基本保障。从省级国土空间规划的定位出发,剖析省级国土空间规划对“双评价”科学支撑和简单适用的基本要求,总结当前省级“双评价”面临理论与实践的挑战。在此基础上,构建了一套“三维内涵—一对关系—两种尺度—四个层面”的省级“双评价”方案,深入挖掘资源环境承载的能力、压力、潜力三维内涵,立足于承载力与适宜性之间的逻辑联系,以浙江省为案例,从县级行政区和栅格单元两种尺度开展了“双评价”实践,并从优势短板识别、要素空间统筹、开发时序安排及空间格局优化四个层面支撑省级国土空间规划的编制。旨在为省级“双评价”提供一种可行、科学、实用的评价框架,为国土空间规划中布局优化、结构调整、指标分解等实践提供支撑。

Theoretical thinking and practical scheme of "double evaluations" at provincial level: A case study of Zhejiang province

The evaluations of resources and environment carrying capacity and territorial space suitability ("double evaluations") play a fundamental role in the new territorial spatial planning system, which is crucial for the scientificity of spatial decision-making and the effectiveness of spatial governance. This paper mainly focuses on the territorial space planning at the provincial level. Through applying "double evaluations" in the provincial territorial spatial planning, we aim to find the scientific support and basic requirements, and to summarize the challenges the evaluation faces both in theory and practice. On this basis, we propose a provincial "double evaluations" program, which includes three-dimensional connotation, one relationship, two scales and four levels. Then this paper explores the carrying capacity, pressure and potential of the resources and environment in Zhejiang province. Based on the logical relationship between carrying capacity and suitability, the provincial "double evaluations" is carried out from the scale of county and grid units. It also supports the formulation of provincial territorial spatial planning in four aspects, which are identification of advantages and weakness, the overall planning of special elements, the arrangement of development sequence and the optimization of spatial patterns. This study attempts to provide a feasible, scientific and practical evaluation framework for "double evaluations" at the provincial level, and to provide evidence for spatial pattern optimization, structural adjustment and index decomposition in territorial spatial planning.