农村气象灾害防御体系理论模型初探

根据灾害防御基本原理,简要分析了气象灾害致灾因子对气象灾害防御的影响。在此基础上,结合浙江、重庆、山西、辽宁、安徽、江西、广东、内蒙、贵州等省市的农村气象灾害防御实践,借鉴国外灾害防御体制建设和机制设计的经验,探索性提出了组成农村气象灾害防御体系的6项基本内容,即农村气象灾害风险识别与评价、农村气象灾害监测与预警发布机制、气象灾害预警信息传播与应急响应、气象灾害防御组织体系、气象灾害防御的工程体系以及气象灾害防御的法制化;构建了农村气象灾害防御体系的理论模型;并在专业能力支撑、行政支持、组织保障、政策法规等方面,对未来农村气象灾害防御体系建设提出了建议。

Preliminary Study on Theoretical Model of Rural Meteorological Disaster Prevention System

Influences of disaster-causing factors of meteorological disasters on meteorological disaster prevention are briefly analyzed according to the basic theories of disaster prevention.On the above basis,and combining with the practices on rural meteorological disaster prevention in the city of Chongqing and provinces of Zhejiang,Shanxi,Liaoning,Anhui,Jiangxi,Guangdong,Inner Mongolia,Guizhou etc.,as well as disaster prevention systems and institutions abroad,it’s suggested that rural meteorological disaster prevention system is composed of 6 parts,which are identification and evaluation of rural meteorological disasters,monitoring and warning mechanism for rural meteorological disasters,information dissemination of meteorological disaster warning and emergency response,as well as organizations,engineering projects and legalization for meteorological disaster prevention.Hereafter,theoretical model for rural meteorological disaster prevention system is to be built with the 6 parts and several policy recommendations for rural meteorological disaster prevention system are given on administrative and organizational support,capacity building and legislation.