基于GIS的乡镇洪涝灾害风险评估与区划技术——以山东省淄博市临淄区为例

基于乡镇气象资料历史序列的构建,利用AHP决策分析法和加权综合评价法,结合GIS空间分析技术,对山东省淄博市临淄区洪涝风险进行评估与区划。结果表明,临淄区洪涝危险性主要受洪涝频率影响,总体趋势是东北部高于西南部;洪涝灾害暴露性风险分布区域性较强,西部明显高于东部;脆弱性风险分布相对较分散,总体上北部地区脆弱性高于南部地区;防灾减灾能力北部地区强于南部。临淄区洪涝风险综合指数普遍较高,高值集中在人口、经济密度较高的临淄市区以及危险性较高的西北地区;风险指数受危险性影响较大;全区中、高风险的面积占总面积的69.2%。

Risk Assessment and Dividing Technology of Flood Disasters in Villages and Towns Based on GIS——A Case Study of Linzi District in Zibo City of Shandong Province

Based on historical sequence construction of meteorological data in villages and towns,by usingAHP decision analytical method,weighting comprehensive evaluation method,and GIS spatial analysis theory andtechnology,flood hazard risk in Linzi district in Zibo city of Shandong Province is assessed and regionalized.Results show that the flood risk mainly depends on flooding frequency,with a trend that is higher in the northeast region than that in the southwest.The distribution of exposure risk in the west region is obviously higher than that in the east.There are no typical characteristics of vulnerability distribution.The capability of disaster prevention and reduction in the north region is higher than that in the south.The comprehensive index of flood risk is higher inLinzi,and the highest value appears in Linzi urban areas,where have a higher density of economic and population,and the northwest region with higher flood risk as well.The risk index was mainly impacted by flood risk.The area proportion with high risk index is 69.2% of the total.