Coastal livelihood and physical infrastructure in Bangladesh after cyclone Aila |
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Authors: | Bishawjit Mallick Khan Rubayet Rahaman Joachim Vogt |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Regional Science (IfR), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany |
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Abstract: | This paper aimed at to explore the consequences of cyclone victims due to unavailability of infrastructural supports and to
prop up the recognition that the infrastructure has a vital role to play in societies’ resilience during catastrophic situation.
The paper begins with a review of the science regarding climate change impact and cyclone disaster in Bangladesh. It emphasizes
the consequences of cyclone Aila in a selected coastal community in the remote coastal area. A field survey was conducted
by authors during March-August 2009. Eight available infrastructures were selected for this analysis. Uniformity of distribution
(R), demand index (Di) and degree of demand (DD) of the selected infrastructures were calculated by using nearest neighbourhood
methods of analysis. Results show that based on its specific planning standards none of the selected infrastructure can support
50% of the total population. Accordingly, it was observed that 76% respondent could not reach in safer place due to rush of
water intrusion and also because of the inundation of road-network. The nearness to the available cyclone shelter, and place
of taking shelter during cyclone is positively correlated (r = 0.38; p < 0.001). However, the poor people had less opportunity to take shelter in cyclone shelters, although none of the respondents
groups whose monthly income is above 75 USD stands without any infrastructural support. Such important observation may hint
the influence of local elites on the local disaster mitigation planning practice in Bangladesh. Almost 90% of the respondents
claimed that they had no access to enter the available cyclone shelter. Furthermore, the damaged infrastructures added more
hindrances during post disaster activities and also increased the sufferings of the victims. If there were adequate cyclone
shelters or rehabilitation centre, the affected people could take shelter and continue other works temporarily. Results drawn
from this research will be useful for local and national level planners, as well as international donors for future disaster
mitigation planning in the studied area and the methodology can be applied in similar countries and geographical territories. |
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