山核桃加工废水的成分测定与分析

对山核桃加工废水和马铃薯培养基(PDA)进行了成分分析,为资源化利用山核桃加工废水提供理论依据。采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测定山核桃加工废水和PDA中还原糖的含量,总氮、总磷、悬浮物、浊度、pH及金属元素均采用国家标准中的测定方法进行测定与分析。废水中总糖、总氮和总磷的含量分别为1.79×103、149.00和27.00 mg/L;金属元素钠、钾、铜、铁、镁、锰和锌的含量分别为28.47、225.03、0.048、0.034、18.11、0.82和1.36 mg/L;悬浮物为5.43×102 mg/L,COD高达1.06×104 mg/L,pH为4.44,浊度为109.53 NTU。PDA中总糖、氮和磷含量为2.47×104、445.00和84.3 mg/L,COD为1.09×104 mg/L,pH为7.2,金属元素钠、钾、锌、铜、铁和镁的含量为386.10、575.09、1.02、0.42和25.62 mg/L,几乎不含锰。山核桃加工废水中的总氮、总磷和COD等含量过高,对环境污染严重,不能直接排放;山核桃加工废水和PDA中的营养物质及金属元素种类基本一致,通过添加合适的成分,调整废水中C/N等微生物生长营养要素的比例,山核桃加工废水有望开发成用于实验室常见微生物培养的类似于PDA的半合成培养基。

Determination and analysis of components in wastewater from Carya cathayensis processing

To introduce the composition analysis of PDA and wastewater from Carya cathayensis processing which provided theoretical basis for resourceful utilization of wastewater,reducing sugar was determined with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry.Wastewater and PDA and contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,suspended solids,turbidity,metal elements and pH were measured and analyzed by methods of national standards.Contents of total sugar,total nitrogen,total phosphorus in wastewater were 1.79×103 mg/L,149.00 mg/L,27.00 mg/L,pH was 4.44.Metal elements Na,K,Ca,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Zn were present at contentrations of 28.47 mg/L,225.03 mg/L,0.0475 mg/L,0.0342 mg/L,18.11 mg/L,0.8227 mg/L,1.36 mg/L.COD was up to 1.06×104 mg/L.Contents of total sugar,total nitrogen,total phosphorus in PDA were 2.47×104 mg/L,445.00 mg/L,84.3 mg/L,pH was 7.2.Metal elements Na,K,Cu,Fe,Mg,Zn were present at contentrations of 386 mg/L,575 mg/L,1.020 mg/L,0.419 mg/L,1.354 mg/L,25.6 mg/L,there was almost no Mn in the PDA.Contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,COD and others in wastewater were higher than the national discharge standard causing serious environmental pollution,and can not be directly discharged;the types of nutrients and metal in wastewater were consistent with the PDA.Wastewater is expected to be developed into a semi-synthetic medium used for common laboratory microbial culture similar to a PDA according to adding suitable ingredients,adjust the ratio of wastewater C/N and other microbial growth nutrient elements.