Slip and fall accident prevention: A review of research, practice, and regulations

This paper summarizes current research, practices, and regulations regarding walking/working surface slipperiness and coefficient of friction (COF) measurements. The literature and data are reviewed from three aspects:

1. (a) the biomechanics of walking and psychophysiological factors involved in slips and falls studied by the scientific community,

2. (b) various measuring devices and methods developed in an attempt to quantify the “slipperiness” of walking/working surfaces, and

3. (c) an acceptable quantitative standard for the “slipperiness” of surfaces and the impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) on such a standard.

Unresolved issues related to slip-resistance are identified. A multifaceted approach and synergy from researchers, the building industries, standards organizations, and government are needed to obtain concensus on such issues.