公众生态文明素养及其科普教育研究

本文对国家文明城市芜湖市进行实地问卷调查发现:公众具有一定生态意识,但生态文明素养整体状况不佳。公众对生态文明概念比较了解和很了解的只占17.7%;各类人群对周围环境关注度较高,均在65%左右;有相关生态知识或行为的公众占92%;有76.7%的人表示没有破坏环境的行为;64.8%的受访者表示他们有保护环境的行为。通过生态科普教育现状调查发现:受访者对目前生态科普教育满意度只有25.9%,政府在生态科普教育方面还存在活动流于形式、创新性不强、投入不足、制度不完善、不能及时回应公众关切热点、专项科普匮乏、媒体不给力、内容不接地气、无区域特色、平台手段落后等问题。提出了提升公众生态文明素养需构建四个相互联动的科普教育体系:高度重视生态科普教育的思想体系、支撑生态科普教育的技术能力体系、生态科普教育的长效机制体系和具有区域特色生态科普教育内容体系。

The Investigation about the Public Ecological Civilization Literacy and Scientific Popularization

In this paper, after questionnaire survey in the national civilized city of Wuhu city, It was found that the citizens have a certain ecological consciousness, but the ecological knowledge and ecological behavior ability is weak, Only 17.7% of respondents fairly understand the concept of ecological civilization. 65% of respondents pay much attention to surrounding environment. 92% of respondents have ecological knowledge or behavior. 76.7% of respondents expressed that they hadn''t the behavior of damaging the environment. 64.8% of respondents said they have the behavior of protecting the environment. Through the investigation of scientific popularization we found that the respondents with satisfaction about the current scientific popularization account to only 25.9%. Some problems of scientific popularization still exist in government such as the scientific popularization activities become mere formality, and the incomplete system caused the government can''t response to public concerns in time. Other problems such as less innovation, the lack of special scientific popularization, some not-well-received contents, less regional features, backward in platform technique still have disturbed the government. Finally the paper promoted four connected scientific popularization system to improve the public ecological civilization literacy: the ideological system of paying high attention to ecological scientific popularization, the technology system of supporting ecological scientific popularization, the long-term mechanism system of ecological scientific popularization and with regional features contents of ecological scientific popularization.