多环麝香对蚯蚓的急性和亚急性毒性效应

为探讨多环麝香对土壤动物的毒性效应,以赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)为供试生物,采用滤纸接触法与自然土壤法,考察了吐纳麝香(AHTN)和佳乐麝香(HHCB)对蚯蚓的急性和亚急性毒性效应。结果显示,滤纸法测得的AHTN和HHCB对蚯蚓的急性经皮毒性为中等毒性,对蚯蚓的48h-LC_(50)分别为20.76和11.87μg·cm~(-2),而自然土壤法测得的AHTN和HHCB对蚯蚓的14d-LC_(50)分别为436.3和392.4μg·g~(-1),2种多环麝香皆属低毒物质。HHCB对蚯蚓的急性毒性大于AHTN,但2种毒性测定方法中不同的染毒介质和毒性作用途径使AHTN和HHCB的急性毒性等级的界定有所差异。AHTN和HHCB对蚯蚓繁殖率的抑制作用较对生长速率更为明显,2种多环麝香对蚯蚓繁殖率的无可见效应浓度(NOEC)均为30μg·g~(-1),最低可见效应浓度(LOEC)均为50μg·g~(-1)。研究表明,蚯蚓繁殖率可作为一种潜在的生物标志物,用于监测或表征土壤中多环麝香的污染水平及其亚急性毒性效应。

Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicological Effects of Polycyclic Musks on Earthworm, Eisenia fetida

To explore the toxicological effect of polycyclic musks on soil animals,the acute and sub-acute toxicities of galaxolide（HHCB） and tonalide（AHTN） were investigated on earthworm Eisenia fetida using filter paper and natural soil tests.In the filter paper test,the obtained 48 h-LC₅₀ values of AHTN and HHCB were 20.76 and 11.87 μg·cm^-2,respectively,which were classified as middle-level toxicity.Nature soil test showed that the 14 d-LC₅₀ values of AHTN and HHCB were 436.3 and 392.4 μg·g^-1,respectively,which were classified as low toxicity.The acute toxicity of HHCB to E.fetida was found to be higher than AHTN.The differences in the toxicity grade definition could be attributed to the different exposure media and pathways in the two test systems.The 28 d-exposure of AHTN and HHCB exerted more significant effect on the reproduction rate of E.fetida than the growth rate.The no observed effect concentration（NOEC） and lowest observed effect concentration（LOEC） of both AHTN and HHCB on reproduction were 30 and 50 μg·g^-1.It is demonstrated that the reproduction rate of E.fetida could serve as a potential biomarker to monitor or evaluate the pollution status and sub-acute toxicity of polycyclic musks in soil.