人工增雨（雪）的环境效应及评价方法

随着全球气候变暖，水资源短缺问题表现得日趋突出，实施人工增雨（雪）技术开发空中云水资源已引起人们的广泛关注，对人工增雨（雪）的环境效应及评价方法进行深入研究具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。从大气、土壤、水体等方面，对人工增雨（雪）所引起的环境效应进行阐述，并归纳总结了人工增雨（雪）的评价方法。包括物理学方法、天气学方法、统计分析方法和数值模拟方法等。旨在科学合理地开发空中云水资源，降低人工增雨（雪）的作业成本。

Environmental Effects and Evaluation Methods of Artificial Precipitation

Under the background of global warming, the shortage of water resources has become more and more serious. The exploration of airborne water resources with artificial precipitation technology has become a focus of the public. It is very important both in theory and practice to study the environmental effects and evaluation methods of artificial precipitation. This paper intro- duces the environmental effects of artificial precipitation in terms of atmosphere, soil, water and other aspects as well as summari- zes the evaluation methods of artificial precipitation, including physical methods, meteorological methods, statistical analysis and numerical simulation. In the end, countermeasures and suggestions on existing problems are pointed out in order to explore the airborne water resources and lower relevant costs.