公路隧道施工安全风险评估方法优化研究

我国在建公路隧道工程数量增长迅速，施工安全事故时有发生，因此通过风险评估实现施工过程的风险控制就显得非常重要。在此背景下，交通运输部出台了《公路桥梁和隧道工程施工安全风险评估指南（试行）》，而在实际应用过程中，该评估指南无法完全适应多变的工程实际。针对该问题，在对隧道施工安全风险评估的各类评估方法及其适用性进行详细研究的基础上，将该评估指南与国内外其他相关成果和做法进行分析比对，指出该评估指南存在的不足之处，进一步提出相关优化与修订建议；最后，以湖南某高速公路隧道洞口坍塌事故为例，利用提出的施工前专项风险评估方法，综合运用数值模拟计算与事故后果当量估计，计算相应的风险等级，所得到的结果与实际情况更为接近，进一步说明本文所提优化方法的合理性和可操作性。

Study on optimization of safety risk assessment method for highway tunnel construction

With the rapid development of the constructing engineering of highway tunnels in China, the construction safety accidents occur frequently, so it is extremely important to realize the risk control of construction process through the risk assessment. On this background, the Guideline of safety risk assessment for construction of highway bridge and tunnel engineering (Trial) has been published by the Ministry of Transport, but in the process of practical application, the assessment guideline could not fully adapt the variable engineering practice. Aiming at this problem, based on the detailed research of various assessment methods for the safety risk assessment of tunnel construction and their applicability, the current assessment guideline was analyzed and compared with the other relevant achievements and practice at home and abroad, and the shortcomings of the assessment guideline were pointed out, then the related optimization and revision suggestions were put forward. Finally, taking the collapse accident of an expressway tunnel opening in Hunan as an example, the proposed pre construction special risk assessment method was used to calculate the corresponding risk level by comprehensively applying the numerical simulation and equivalent estimation of accident consequence. The results were closer to the actual situation, which further demonstrated the rationality and operability of the proposed optimization method.