塔机驾驶员的持续性视觉注意负荷研究

为提高塔机作业安全工效，基于视觉心理学、认知心理学理论，利用眼动追踪技术记录驾驶员视觉行为数据，分析和评估塔机驾驶员视觉转移过程的表征参数，结果表明:起重作业过程中驾驶员注视时间长，视知觉资源主要集中于起吊物，保持持续性注意状态，以维持高效起重作业，心理负荷较大；起重作业不同子过程注视时间与瞳孔直径差异较大，在空中平移过程中注意力较为分散，瞳孔直径较小，心理负荷较小。据此，提出了塔机起重作业的人因工效改善方向，为起重作业安全实施提供决策支持。

Study on continuous visual attention load of tower crane driver

In order to enhance the safety work efficiency of tower crane operation, based on the theory of visual psychology and cognitive psychology, the eye movement tracking technique was used to record the visual behavior data of tower crane drivers, and the characterization parameters about the vision transfer process of the tower crane drivers were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that in the process of lifting operation, the fixation time of tower crane driver was long, and the visual perception resources were mainly concentrated on the lifting objects, the driver kept the continuous attention state to maintain the efficient lifting operation, and the mental load was greater. The fixation time and pupil diameter in different sub-process of lifting operation were obviously different, and in the process of air translation, the attention was more dispersed and the pupil diameter was smaller, the mental load was less. According to the research results, the directions of improving the human factor ergonomics of the tower crane lifting operation were put forward to provide the decision support for the safety implementation of lifting operation.