基于结构方程模型的地铁乘客安全行为影响因素分析

为了研究地铁乘客安全行为的影响因素，通过对北京、上海、广州、深圳等城市的地铁乘客的多项安全指标的抽样调查，建立了关于乘客安全行为的结构方程模型，研究了影响地铁乘客安全行为的主要因素。结果表明:良好的地铁安全氛围能有效提高乘客的安全知识水平、安全动机、安全心理水平、安全参与行为水平；安全参与行为水平同时受到乘客安全知识水平和乘客接受安全培训状况的影响，其中，乘客安全知识水平的高低取决于乘客接受安全培训状况；安全服从行为则与安全动机存在较强的正相关关系；乘客的安全心理水平只跟地铁安全氛围有关，安全氛围越好，乘客安全心理水平越高，安全知识作为中介变量同时影响着安全氛围与安全参与行为、安全培训与安全参与行为、安全氛围与安全动机以及安全培训与安全动机之间的关系，提高乘客安全知识水平是提高乘客安全行为水平的重要途径。

Analysis on influence factors of safety behavior for metro passengers based on structural equation model

To study the influence factors of safety behavior for metro passengers, a structural equation model of passengers' safety behavior was established through the sampling survey on multiple safety indexes of metro passengers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and the main influence factors of metro passengers' safety behavior were studied. The results showed that the good metro safety climate could effectively improve the safety knowledge level, safety motivation, safety psychology level and safety participation behavior level of passengers. The safety participation behavior level was affected by both the safety knowledge level and safety training state of passengers, in which the safety knowledge level of passengers depended on the safety training state of passengers. There existed a stronger positive correlation between the safety compliance behavior and the safety motivation. The safety psychology level of passengers was only related to the metro safety climate, the better the metro safety climate, the higher the safety psychology level of passengers. As an intervening variable, the safety knowledge influenced the relationship between the safety climate and safety participation behavior, the safety training and safety participation behavior, the safety climate and safety motivation, and the safety training and safety motivation at the same time. Therefore, improving the safety knowledge level of passengers is an important way to improve the safety behavior level of passengers.