江苏省海域养殖增殖用海定级研究

海域分等定级为海域估价、征收海域使用金和制定海域利用规划提供科学依据。研究以0.01°×0.01°栅格为评价单元，通过对海域自然环境条件、海水理化性质、海水营养盐含量、生物资源丰度、区位条件以及海水污染物和政策等限制因子的综合分析，采用综合指数加权求和法对江苏省海域养殖增殖用海进行了评估，评价结果等间距划分为7 个等级。如果不考虑限制因素，较低级别海域（1-3 级）占整个研究区域的30.72%，较高级别（4-7 级）占69.28%。如果考虑污染因素，4 638 km²的海域不适合用于养殖；经过调整后较低级别的海域（1-3 级）占整个研究区域的27.79%，较高级别（4-7 级）占56.71%，等外级占15.50%。如仅针对海洋功能区划中划定的养殖增殖用海（5 655 km²）海域定级，68.70%分布在4-7 级，另外有24.88%的养殖增殖用海位于污染物超标区域（等外级）。

Grading of Seawater for Mariculture Use in Jiangsu Province

The classification and grading of seawater could provide scientific basis for valuating,levying, and planning for sea use. Taking 0.01° × 0.01° as the evaluation unit, this study assessedthe sea area for mariculture use in Jiangsu Province. The integrated index method wasused to do the evaluation, based on the five sub-index groups, namely, the physical environmentalconditions, physical and chemical properties of seawater, marine nutrient content, abundanceof biological resources and geographic conditions. The limiting factors, such as pollutantcontent in seawater and policy, were also employed to assess the mariculture use. The weightsfor the index were determined by principal components analysis when these indexes are highlycorrelated with each other. Otherwise, the weights for the index were determined by expert assessmentmethod. The evaluation results were classified into seven grades at equal value range.If the limiting factors were not considered in the evaluation process, the area at low grades (1-3) accounted for 30.72%, and the high grades (4-7) accounted for 69.28%. If the pollution conditionswere considered, about 4638 km² seawater could not be used for mariculture. The areaat low grades accounted for 27.79%, the high grades accounted for 56.71%, and the substandardgrades accounted for 15.50%. If we only evaluated the mariculture area based on marinefunction zoning (5655 km²), then 68.70% was located in the area of high grades, while about24.88% was located in the area of substandard grades.