唐山市南湖生态示范区景观生态风险评价

经过一系列生态修复工程建立的南湖生态示范区，对唐山市的生态环境具有决定性作用，但作为人工景观其敏感度较高. 根据历史资料、遥感资料、地理信息系统(GIS)和动态监测数据，运用景观生态学原理对该区域进行景观分析和生态风险分析. 以该区域的生态系统为受体，对南湖生态示范区主要生态风险源进行分析和识别，包括干旱、沙尘暴、水土流失和污染. 选择景观生态学中的指数作为风险评价指标，对风险源可能造成的生态系统损失进行度量，并利用层次分析法计算各风险源的权重. 利用GIS将该区域划分为351个斑块，利用综合生态损失度和综合风险源概率，计算各风险小区的风险值，并根据风险值分级，绘制该区域综合生态风险评价图，完成南湖生态示范区景观生态风险综合评价，为该区域生态风险管理对策提供理论依据. 

Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment for the South Lake Ecological DemonstrationArea in Tangshan

South Lake Ecological Demonstration Area (EDA) in Tangshan establishedafter a series of ecological restoration projects had a decisive function on the ecological environment of Tangshan, but its susceptibility was relatively highas an artificial landscape. The principles and the methods of landscape ecologywere applied to ecological risk assessment of this area, based on historic record, remote-sensing data, GIS and dynamic-monitoring date. The ecosystem was defined as risk receptor, and main risk sources defined and analyzed including drought, sandstorm, pollution and soil erosion in this landscape region. This study evaluated the probability and distribution of each kind of risk sources and applied ecological index in exposure and hazard analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to calculate risk weight. This area was divided into351 plaques by using GIS, and then combined probability and comprehensive ecological loss to calculate comprehensive risk value of each risk area. According tothe risk value of each risk area, the region in South Lake EDA was divided intofour levels of risk zones and completed drawing of ecological risk assessment in the region. The result of ecological risk assessment provided scientific basisfor environmental risk management of South Lake EDA in Tangshan.