长春市不同土地利用生境土壤昆虫幼虫群落组成与生态分布

对长春市郊区天然次生林、市内公园风景林、郊区防护林和农田等土地利用生境进行土壤昆虫幼虫调查,研究土地利用差异对土壤昆虫幼虫群落特征的影响。研究区共捕获土壤昆虫幼虫35科411只,其中鞘翅目幼虫14科319只,双翅目幼虫13科64只,鳞翅目幼虫8科28只。研究结果表明:不同土地利用生境土壤昆虫幼虫群落组成与生态分布存在差异,防护林和农田土壤昆虫幼虫的类群数和个体密度显著减少;除农田外,其他生境土壤昆虫幼虫群落个体密度和类群数主要集中分布在0～5cm土壤层,生境凋落物的移除对土壤昆虫幼虫群落组成影响不明显;此外,鞘翅目、双翅目和鳞翅目幼虫对土地利用和植被类型变化的响应也不同。

Ecological distributions and community compositions of the soil insect larvae in the habitats of different land-use types in Changchun city

Soil insect larvae in Changchun city were investigated with the emphasis laid on the species richness and abundance in relation to the types of land-use, i.e. natural secondary forest, park greenbelt, Three-North Forest Shelterbelt and farmland in July and September in 2003. A total of 411 soil insect larvae individuals was captured and fell into 35 families, including Coleoptera larvae, 319 individuals 14 families, Diptera larvae, 64 individuals 13 families, Lepidoptera larvae, 28 individuals 8 families. The results suggest that the types of land use affect the community compositions and ecological distributions of soil insect larvae, and group numbers and individual density of soil insect larvae decreases significantly in the Three-North Forest Shelterbelt and farmland in suburb. The group numbers and individual density mainly live in the layer of 0 - 5 cm in the soil profile in the other habitats except for farmland, and litter removal does not considerably change the community compositions of the soil insect larvae. The findings also suggest that aboveground vegetation and land use only appear to have significant effects on the ecological structure of soil Coleoptera larvae.