番茄某些繁殖特性对增强UV-B辐射的响应

研究了增强UV-B辐射对大田生长的两种番茄(早熟型“同辉”和晚熟型“霞光”)某些繁殖特性(最大开花数、花粉萌发和花粉管伸长、果实产量、果实品质以及子代种子的数量和质量)的影响.结果表明,与对照相比,“同辉”开花数在高辐射下增加,“霞光”开花数在低辐射下减少;“同辉”果实产量在两种辐射下都明显增加,而“霞光”果实产量只在低辐射下增加;辐射抑制了“同辉”的花粉萌发和花粉管伸长,而只是降低了“霞光”的花粉萌发率;强辐射造成两种番茄果实番茄红素下降。经过一季的增强UV-B辐射处理,“同辉”种子数量增加,低辐射下种子明显变小;“霞光”种子数量减少,且明显变小.就开花数、果实产量和种子质量而言,早熟的“同辉”品种更具抗性,而晚熟的“霞光”更敏感.图3表1参29

Response of Some Reproductive Characteristics of Two Tomato Cultivars Grown in Field to Enhanced UV-B Radiation

Some reproductive characteristics of two tomato cultivars, Tonghui (TH) and Xiaguang (XG) grown in field for one season under enhanced UV-B radiation, were studied. The results showed that the open flowers of TH increased significantly under T2, while those of XG declined under T1. The fruit yield of TH rised in both two treatment, but that of XG did the same only under T1 treatment. Both pollen germination and pollen tube length of TH were inhibited, while the percent of pollen germination of XG was decreased by both UV-B treatments. In present experiment, lycopene contents of fruit of both cultivars declined obviously under high UV-B treatment. After one season treatment with increased UV-B radiation, the number of offspring seeds increased by two UV-B doses and the seed derived from low UV-B exposed plant was smaller than that of untreated plant of TH. Declined seeds number and much smaller seeds were observed in XG cultivar under two UV-B treatments. Comparing with the different responses to enhanced UV-B irradiation between the two tomato cultivars, in term of flowering number, fruit yield and offspring seed mass, it is likely that TH is tolerant and XG is more sensitive to supplemental UV-B radiation. Fig 3, Tab 1, Ref 29