农村污水处理强化ABR污泥流变及微生物种群特性研究

研究了强化厌氧折流板反应器（强化ABR）在稳定运行期对农村污水的处理效果以及反应器不同格室内污泥的表观形态、流变及微生物种群特性.结果表明：强化ABR对进水COD的平均去除率达81.05%，其中第1、2格室对进水COD去除起主要作用.反应器不同格室内污泥表观形态存在一定差异，第1、2格室污泥表面微生物以球菌和杆菌为主，第3、4格室则以丝状菌为主；不同格室内污泥剪切应力随剪切速率呈指数增加趋势，而黏度则随着剪切速率的增加而减小，且逐渐趋近一定值.反应器不同格室内的优势细菌以水解、酸化菌为主，而优势古细菌以乙酸型产甲烷菌和氢营养型产甲烷菌为主，优势细菌和古细菌在不同格室内的分布均存在一定差异.研究结果可为强化ABR在农村污水处理中的应用提供科学依据.

Study on the sludge rheology and microbial community of enhanced ABR treating rural sewage

The treatment performance of rural sewage and the apparent morphology, rheological characteristics and microbial community of the sludge in different chambers during the stable operation stage of the enhanced anaerobic baffled reactor (enhanced ABR) treated rural sewage were studied. Results showed that, chambers 1 and 2 played a major role in the removal of influent COD with the average removal rate of 81.05% in enhanced ABR. There were differences in the apparent morphology of sludge in different chambers of the ABR. Moreover, cocci and bacilli were dominant on the surface of the sludge in chambers 1 and 2, while filamentous fungi existed on those in chambers 3 and 4; The rheological properties of sludge in different chamber were different. The shear stress of sludge increases exponentially with the increase of the shear rate, while the viscosity decreases with the increase of shear rate, and gradually approaches a certain value. The dominant bacteria in the different chambers of the enhanced ABR were mainly hydrolytic and acidifying bacteria, while the dominant archaea mainly acetic acid-type methanogens and hydrogeno-trophic methanogens, the distribution of dominant bacteria and archaea in different chambers was certain different. Results in this study can provide a practically technological basis for the operation and regulation of enhanced ABR for rural sewage treatment.