免疫传感器用于环境中痕量有害物质检测的研究进展

随着免疫测定技术与传感技术的发展,人们开发了以固定化的抗体(抗原)为识别元件,基于特异性的免疫反应原理的免疫传感器.该传感器灵敏度高、选择性好,可实现对农药分子、工业有机污染物、重金属、生物毒素等有害物质的实时、在体、在线测定,在环境污染监测中具有巨大的应用前景.本文对免疫传感器的原理、制备、分类作了简要介绍,综述了近年来用于痕量有害物质检测的免疫传感器在固定化方法和传感技术等方面的最新研究成果,并探讨了免疫传感器在环境监测中的应用和发展方向.

Study Progress on Determination of Environmental Trace Toxicants by Immunosensor

Along with the advances in immunoassay and sensing techniques, the immunosensors based on specific immunoreaction and immobilized antibody (antigen) as recognition element were developed. They can be used for real-time, in-vivo and on-the-spot determination of pesticides, industrial organic pollutants, heavy metals, biotoxins, etc. with high sensitivity and selectivity. They possess a great potential for environmental monitoring. The working mechanism, fabrication and classification of immunosensor are briefly introduced in this paper. The latest study progress on immobilization methods and sensing techniques of immunosensor for determination of trace toxicants is reviewed. The application of immunosensor in environmental monitoring and the future development are also discussed.