稀有鮈鲫作为化学品生态毒性测试鱼类模式生物的标准化实践

鱼类模式生物在化学品生态毒性测试中占有重要地位,中国尚没有合适的标准化本土实验鱼种。国家环境保护部第7号令《新化学物质环境管理办法》对本土受试生物用于生态毒性测试提出了要求。稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)是一种我国特有的小型淡水鲤科鱼类,具有成为标准试验鱼种的潜能。首个以稀有鮈鲫为标准供试生物的化学品鱼类急性毒性试验国家标准已经发布实施,其他测试方法的标准化工作正在持续进行中。本文阐述了研发稀有鮈鲫为标准供试生物的依据,对相关标准化研究工作进行了分析、归纳和总结,并提出了未来工作的方向和需求。

Standardization of Gobiocypris rarus as Fish Model Used in Chemical Ecotoxicity Testing

Fish models play an important role in chemical ecotoxicity testing, but no Chinese native fish species have been fully agreed on in this area. As the Provisions on Environmental Administration of New Chemical Substances (the Order No. 7, released by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China) require, native test organisms would be preferred in ecotoxicity testing. Rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) is one species of small freshwater fish endemic to China, and probably is able to serve as a promising standardized test fish. While the first national standard for fish acute toxicity test adopting rare minnow has been developed and issued in China, other work on standardization of testing methods relevant to rare minnow is still ongoing. This article explained the foundation to develop rare minnow as standardized test fish, analyzed and summarized the related standardization issues, and also pointed out the trend and the demand of research in future.