基于复合节间组分关系的结缕草克隆植株形态可塑性特征分析

结缕草Zoysia japonica克隆植株的基本形态学单元是复合节间。分析复合节间组分关系,可以进一步揭示其形态可塑性的细微特征和资源传输与分配的差异,同时也可以为形态可塑性成因提供合理的生理生态学解释。本文对温室内、外两种环境条件下生长的结缕草克隆植株的复合节间组分进行测定和分析,结果表明：温室内、外植株主匍匐茎的长度和生物量的波动比一级分枝大,缩短节间长度比伸长节间长度稳定,但缩短节间生物量较伸长节间生物量变化幅度大。伸长、缩短节间长度、生物量分别与复合节序数呈二次函数关系。伸长、缩短节间生物量和分株生物量在一个生长季的生长方程亦均呈二次函数关系。主匍匐茎根数量、生物量随复合节数递增基本呈递增趋势。在两种环境下,A分株根数、生物量均大于B分株根数、生物量（在结缕草匍匐茎上,着生于每个复合节的基端和梢端缩短节间上的分株分别称为A、B分株）,且差异明显。温室内植株,在分株发育形成后,伸长、缩短节间的长度、生物量分别与匍匐茎根、A分株根数、B分株根数、生物量间相关性显著,温室外的相关性格局较复杂,且总体显著性低于温室内。结缕草克隆植株基本形态结构单元的复合节上的各个组成部分之间存在的密切相关关系,是导致结缕草克隆植物形成形态可塑性的细微特征格局的主要原因。

Analysis on the characteristics of morphological plasticity of a clonal plant Zoysia japonica based on the relationship among the components of multiple-nodes

The basic morphological unit of a clonal plant Zoysia japonica is compound internodes.Analysis on the relationship among the components of multiple-nodes,can further reveal the detailed characteristics of morphological plasticity and differences in translocation and allocation of resources among multiple-node components,which can provide eco-physiologically explanation for the formation of such morphological plasticity.In this study,components of multiple-nodes of Zoysia japonica growing inside and outside a greenhouse were measured and analyzed.The result showed that the length and biomass of the primary stolons were more varied than the first-order branches both inside and outside the greenhouse.Length of the compressed internodes was more stable than that of elongated internodes,while the biomass of former was more varied than the later.The relationship between length and biomass of the elongated and compressed internodes,and the sequence numbers of multiple-nodes was quadratic function,respectively.The growth equations for the biomass of elongated and compressed internodes,and ramets were also quadratic function during one growing season.The numbers and biomass of primary stolons basically increased with the sequence number of multiple-nodes.The numbers and biomass of roots of ramets A were significantly higher than those of ramets B in two environments.After formation of ramets,the correlation were significant between the length,biomass of elongated and compressed internodes,and the numbers,biomass of the primary stolons roots,root numbers and biomass of ramets A and B inside the greenhouse,respectively.However,the patterns of correlations among these variables outside greenhouse were complicated,and the levels of significance were generally lower than those inside greenhouse（On the primary stolons of Zoysia japonica,the ramets grown on the basipetal and acropetal compressed internodes of each multiple-nodes called ramets A and ramets B,respectively）.These closer relationships among various components of the poly-nodes could explain some detailed characteristics of morphological plasticity of the clonal plant Zoysia japonica.