资源型城市土地利用变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响

东营市是新兴的石油资源城市,土地利用/覆被变化剧烈且具有独特的区域特征。探讨该地区的土地利用变化及其对生态系统服务价值的影响有着重要的现实意义。为此,基于RS和GIS技术,利用Costanza提出的生态系统服务价值评估方法,研究了东营市1986—2008年间的土地利用变化及其引起的生态系统服务价值动态变化。研究结果表明：（1）耕地是东营市主要的土地利用类型,面积有所减少;未利用地和次生盐碱地所占比重较大,居民点及工矿用地大幅增加,油田生产建设和生态环境保护矛盾非常突出。（2）生态系统服务价值减少了6.68%。2008年东营市提供的生态服务仍然以维护原材料、气体调节、食物生产、气候等为主,而废物处理、水源涵养、生物多样性保护、土壤形成与保护和娱乐文化功能是比较弱的。今后应维护生物多样性保护和水源涵养功能,防止土壤盐渍化,提升区域生态系统服务功能;（3）生态系统服务价值对生态价值系数的敏感性指数均小于1,说明研究区内的生态系统服务价值缺乏弹性,研究结果是可信的。

Land use changes and its influences on ecosystem service value of resources-based city

Being the key nature asset that human owns,ecosystem service is the basic condition for human＇s existence and development.The changes of land use and land cover play the determining role of maintaining ecosystem service function.The research of the land use /land cover changes and their ecological effects in asset-based city drew great attention.Based on RS and GIS,the framework of ecosystem service value evaluation proposed by Costanza,and the unit value-based method for ecosystem service assessment proposed by Xie,this paper studied on the dynamic change situation of service value on ecosystem and the changes of land use from 1986 to 2008.The result shows that：（1） Land use structure had changed dramatically from 1986 to 2008.Cultivated land was dominating land use pattern which decreased.Unexploited land alkali or sandy lands take up the great of proportion.Construction land had increased greatly.Contradiction exists between oil production and ecological environment protection.（2） the ecosystem service value across the study area has been reduced by 6.68% at the same period.The ecosystem service value which provided by Dongying in 2008 is still keep on maintaining raw material supplying service,gas regulating service,food production supplying service,climate regulating service as major pattern.But waste treatment supplying service,source of water self-restrait supplying service,biodiversity conservation regulating service,soil forming and conservation regulating service and entertainment culture supplying service are as not strong as the major pattern.It was suggested that protection of biodiversity and water conservation functions should be placed much more emphasis,preventing the area from a series of eco-environmental problems,like grassland deterioration and desertification,shrinking of lakes and wetlands,soil erosion and salinization caused by irrational development modes.（3）The sensitivity analysis showed that the ecosystem service value（ESV） lacks of flexibility,indicating that the results of ecosystem service value evaluation are reliable.