边缘化地区特征、形成机制与影响--以安徽省池州市为例

边缘化地区是指在区域发展中，与核心地区的差距正在逐步拉大的地区。以安徽省池州市为例，分析其空间边缘化的主要表现，即区域社会经济发展缓慢、处于长江经济带的发展低谷，主要经济指标在全省的比重持续下降，居民生活水平和地方管理水平等方面均明显滞后于时代的发展，交通区位边缘性日益增强等。并对区域空间边缘化形成的主要机制进行探讨，认为空间过程缓慢是边缘化形成的历史基础，城镇体系发育不良是边缘化形成的空间因素，行政区划频繁变动是边缘化形成的人为因素，产业结构低级无序化是边缘化形成的经济原因等。区域空间边缘化对区域社会经济发展的负面影响主要表现为：空间边缘化与区域社会经济发展之间的恶性循环，空间结构不稳定性增强和无序化发展。

FEATURE AND MECHANISM OF FORMATION AND INFLUENCE OF THE MARGINALIZED DISTRICT--Taking Chizhou City, Anhui Province for an Example

The paper explains briefly the definition of marginalized district, which refers to the district whose gap is increasingly widened from the core district in the area development. Taking Chizhou City, Anhui Province as an example, the paper analyses its space periphery, i.e. slow development of the district social economy and standing in the bottom of Changjiang Economic Belt; Constant fall of the major (economic) indexes in the provincial economic ratio; People's living standard and the level of local administration obviously lagging behind the times; Transport periphery increasing etc. The paper also explores the major mechanisms in the formation of the space marginalized district, which includes the historical factor of slow space process, space factor of the ill-developed city system, artificial factor of frequent transfer of administrative division and economic factor of primitive industrial structure. The marginalized district has such negative effects on the area social economic development as: the vicious circle between the spaces marginalized district and the area social economic development; instability and disorderly development of space structure.