光气生产装置事故后果分析及提高装置安全性的对策措施

分析光气及光气化产品生产工艺过程中原料及工艺过程危险性,通过选择该工艺过程中较为典型的光气、氯气管道泄漏事故,并针对光气和氯气不同性质,假设事故形态,采用修正的高斯扩散模型及SAFETI定量风险软件对光气和氯气泄漏事故后果进行定量风险分析,其结果给出在光气及氯气泄漏10min时,在下风向人员可承受的风险范围。该分析结果可为光气及光气化产品生产装置风险评价提供科学依据。根据该结果,从工程和工艺设计、原料质量控制、重大危险源监控、操作管理措施及自控技术方面提出了提高光气及光气化生产装置安全性的对策措施。

Accident Consequence Analysis on Phosgene Production Installation and Related Countermeasures for the Improvement of Safety Production

According to the hazardous analysis of phosgene, phosgene production process and materials in this process, typical accidents occurring in the phosgenation production installation are leakage through pipelines of phosgene and chlorine. To evaluate the consequence of these typical accidents, quantitative risk analysis on phosgen production installation, in which certain accident pattern was presumed, was conducted respectively aiming at phosgene and chlorine by applying revised Gauss model and SAFETI software. The calculating result, expressed with risk range people under the wind can bear after 10 min of leakage, would provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment of phosgenation production installation. Finally, some countermeasures to improve the safety of phosgene production installation were put forward from these aspects of engineering and technological design, raw material quality control, major hazard source monitoring, operation management as well as automatic control.