成都地震重灾区生态影响分区及恢复对策

地震是造成生态破坏较为严重的自然灾害之一，震后生态恢复的总体对策是决策者亟待获取的重要信息，因此有必要及时开展地震生态影响分区研究.以成都地震重灾区为例，利用汶川地震前后2期TM影像灰度差提取了地质灾害区；从敏感性和诱导性两方面，采用层次分析法对地震重灾区进行了生态危险度分类；基于不同区域的生态破坏强度及危险度特征，开展了地震生态影响分区，并以此作为生态恢复过程中优先级及措施的总体布局. 结果表明:成都地震重灾区地质灾害面积为118.3 km2，占区域总面积的2.36%；其中，应首先采用生物与工程相结合的手段进行修复的面积为40.7 km2，通过生物措施修复的面积为66.2 km2，其余的则依靠自然演替逐渐恢复. 

Research on Ecological Impact Regionalization and Restoration Strategy in Areas of Chengdu Heavily Impact by Earthquake

Earthquakes are one of the most serious disasters which can lead to ecological damage. After an earthquake, the strategy of ecological restoration is important information for decision-makers to consider urgently, so it is necessary to carry out seismic ecological impact regionalization. Taking as an example a district of Chengdu that has experienced severe seismic activity, geological hazard areas were first extracted by pixel gray value differences between two TM images before and after the Wenchuan earthquake. Second, regional ecological risk was classified by AHP using sensitivity and induced factors. Finally, seismic ecological impacts were divided and classified by region based on the extent of ecological damage and ecological risk characteristics, and then the layout for priority and measures of ecological restoration were generated. The results show that the total geological hazard area was 118.3 km², accounting for 2.36% of the Chengdu severe earthquake area. The areas needing urgent repair by combining biological and engineering methods were 40.7 km²; the areas needing secondary repair mainly by biological measures were 66.2 km²; and the remaining areas would be gradually restored through natural succession.