雅砻江下游梯级水电开发生态环境影响的经济损益评价

生态环境影响经济损益分析在统一量纲下，实现工程对环境影响的综合评价，可为工程决策提供依据。根据雅砻江水电开发对生态环境的影响，在建立评价指标体系的基础上，评价了雅砻江下游梯级水电开发生态环境影响的经济损益。结果表明：雅砻江下游梯级水电开发所带来的直接环境效益包括水产养殖、旅游、调蓄洪水和调节小气候，价值为7.52×10⁸元/a；能源替代的间接环境效益为36.50×10⁸元/a；生态环境成本包括水库蓄水后淹没土地资源造成的经济损失、水库温室气体排放、移民搬迁及环境保护费用等，其总成本为3.72×10⁸元/a。水电开发生态环境影响的评价技术与方法尚未成熟，评价内容的完整性和评价结果的准确性也因此受到一定程度影响，本研究的初步探索可为综合决策提供参考。

Evaluation of Eco-environmental Impact of Hydropower Development in the Downstream of Yalong River

The impacts of hydropower development on eco-environment were evaluated in the downstream of Yalong River. The direct benefits of hydropower development include aquiculture, tourism, flood mitigation and microclimate regulation. And the impacts of hydropower development on eco-environment include the loss lead from flooded land resources, greenhouse gas emission from reservoirs, emigration impact and environmental protection expenditure. The results show that in the downstream of Yalong River the direct benefit of hydropower development is 7. 52 × 10~8 yuan per year and the indirect benefit of alternative energy is 36. 50 × 10~8 yuan per year. The environmental cost is 3. 47 × 10~8 yuan per year. It is difficult to evaluate the impacts of hydropower development comprehensively and accurately due to limited technology and methods. The primary evaluation will provide reference for decision-making of hydropower development.