办公楼疏散演练综合评估方法研究

我国每年进行数以万计的办公楼疏散演练,迫切需要科学有效的评估方法,以评估应急演练所体现出的应急准备能力,提高管理方和员工的疏散安全意识和能力。从疏散人员行为表现、组织实施疏散的指挥体系、疏散程序及相关保障条件等多方面综合考虑,将应急疏散组织体制机制分析、参演人员疏散行为观测及对其主观感受调查、计算机模拟分析三者有机结合,提出了一种办公楼疏散演练综合评估方法。运用该方法对一栋高层办公楼的疏散演练的策划、组织实施、疏散人员行为和主观感受等进行了全过程跟踪评估,系统描述了该方法的使用过程。

Method for Evaluating Evacuation Exercise of Office Building

Tens of thousands of office building evacuation exercises are annually done in mainland China.Effective and practical evaluation methods are badly needed to be established to accurately evaluate these exercises so as to enhance the staff’s evacuation safety awareness and capability.A comprehensive method for evaluating evacuation exercise of office building was worked out,on the basis of considering behavior of evacuees,the evacuation commanding system,evacuation procedures and relevant supporting conditions,after analyzing system of organization for evacuation,observing behavior of evacuees,surveying the impression on evacuees and carrying out computer simulation.And the method was used to evaluate a real evacuation exercise of a certain high-rise office building.