基于系统动力学的安全生产监管有效性研究

为改善我国安全生产监管的效果,研究引入激励性监管措施后的安全生产监管效果。运用系统动力学(SD)建模方法,对比单用约束性监管措施的效果与综合运用约束性监管措施和激励性监管措施的效果。研究结果表明:单独使用约束性监管措施时,提高检查罚金和事故赔偿额,会使企业净收益、政府与企业的净收益总和增加。然而,综合使用约束性监管措施和激励性监管措施时,企业的净收益额增加,政府的净收益额减少,而企业与政府的净收益总额变化不大,但结合对事故负外部性的考虑,通常会使社会福利额外提高。

Study on Safety Production Regulation Effectiveness Based on System Dynamics

To improve safety production regulation effectiveness in our country,influence of introducing incentive regulation measures on it was studied.A comparison between the effectiveness obtained by constraint regulation measures used alone and that obtained by constraint regulation measures and incentive regulation measures put together was made using the SD method.The results show that when constraint regulation measures are used alone,increasing the fine and accident indemnity will make the enterprise’s net income increase,when constraint regulation measures and incentive measures are used at the same time,the enterprise’s net income will increase,the government’s net income will decrease,the total net income of the enterprise and government will change little,but the social welfare usually will get additional improvement.