农业经营规模化发展对环境效率的影响——基于地块层面的实证分析

为探析农业规模化经营与农业环境可持续性之间的关系，对农业经营规模对农业环境效率的影响进行理论分析，并在此基础上构建了物料平衡原则下农业环境效率测算模型和农业环境效率影响模型.基于2004~2016年浙江省农户水稻种植地块层面的面板数据，实证检验了土地面积、劳动投入、资本投入和农业产出等农业经营规模指标对农业环境效率的影响.结果显示，农业规模化发展将因投入和产出的扩张以多种方式影响其环境效率，其中土地面积规模与农业环境效率之间呈倒U型关系，劳动投入和资本投入对农业生产环境效率均有负向的影响，而农业产出规模的增加将促进农业环境效率的提升.

Impacts of agricultural scale operation on the environmental efficiency: An analysis based on land plots data

The impact of agricultural operation scale on agricultural environmental efficiency was theoretically analyzed to explore the relationship between agricultural large-scale operation and agricultural environmental sustainability. An agricultural environmental efficiency calculation model based on the material balance principle was used to estimate the environmental efficiency, and then an agricultural environmental efficiency impact model was built to investigate the impact of agricultural large-scale operation on the environmental efficiency of the grain crop production. Using plot-level panel data of rice farmers in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2016, the impacts of agricultural operation scale indicators such as land area, labor input, capital input, and agricultural output on agricultural environmental efficiency were empirically analyzed. Agricultural operation scale affected its environmental efficiency in a variety of ways; the land area had an inverted-U shape relations with the environmental efficiency; the labor input and capital input had negative impacts on agricultural environmental efficiency; while the increase of agricultural output promoted the improvement of agricultural environmental efficiency.