丛枝菌根真菌对铜尾矿上植物生长和矿质营养的影响

通过温室盆栽试验研究了白三叶草(Trifolium repens Linn)和黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)在单独和混合种植情况下单独或混合接种丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae和Glomus versiforme对铜尾矿砂中植物生长和矿质营养的影响.试验结果表明,不同接种处理下均以单独种植白三叶草菌根侵染率较高,平均为25%.在单种和混种情况下,接种处理均显著提高了白三叶草地上部的干物重,但对黑麦草生长影响不明显同时,接种处理显著提高了三叶草植株中的磷含量,同时降低了植株铜含量,但对黑麦草植株体内元素含量影响不明显.两种植物混合种植情况下黑麦草显示了相对竞争优势,而菌根共生体能够提高三叶草的竞争能力.试验初步证明丛枝菌根真菌对于豆科植物适应铜尾矿复合逆境(养分贫瘠和重金属污染),以及在尾矿上重建具有物种多样性的植被具有潜在作用,但有必要进一步筛选耐性菌株,并验证自然条件下菌根真菌的作用潜力.

The influences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and mineral nutrition of plants grown in copper mine tailing

In a greenhouse pot experiment, the effects of single or mixture inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Glomus mosseae and Glomus versiforme, on growth and mineral nutrition of white clover (Trifolium repens Linn.) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growing singly or in mixture in copper tailing were investigated. The results indicated that, irrespective of inoculation treatments white clover had higher mycorrhizal colonization (around 25% root length colonized) among all plant combinations. Irrespective of the plant combination, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased shoot dry weight of clover plants, while had no significant influences on ryegrass. Accordingly, P concentrations were markedly increased while Cu concentrations were decreased by mycorrhizal inoculation for clover plants, but mycorrhizal effects were not significant for ryegrass. When growing in mixture, ryegrass showed competitive advantages against clover, as dry weights of ryegrass from mixed cropping were relatively higher than those from single cropping. This experiment demonstrated that AMF may play important roles in plant adaptation to copper mine tailing, and also in the revegetation of such harsh environment. However, it would be necessary to screen tolerant fungal species for revegetation purposes and to confirm the potential role of AMF in revegetation under field conditions.