滩涂海水养殖生态模式研究

实验采用三种红树植物海桑(SonneratiacaseolarisL.)、秋茄(KandeliacandelL.Druce)和桐花树Ageicerascomic ulatum(L.)Blanco],按15%、30%和45%三种面积比例构建红树林种植养殖系统,养殖动物为美国红鱼(Sciaenopsocella tus)。1a后,滩涂海水种植养殖耦合系统的不同种植比例不同品种均能有效地降低水体中三氮、磷酸盐含量和细菌数量,增加水体溶解氧浓度;三种红树植物的植株个体形态、生长状况以及生物量变化均呈现增长趋势,氮磷的利用系数和循环系数海桑>桐花树>秋茄;红树林种植养殖耦合系统可以促进养殖动物的健康生长,提高养殖产量。红树林植物与滩涂海水养殖耦合的新型良性循环人工生态系统,能很好的实现生态效益、经济效益与社会效益三者有机的结合,是滩涂海水养殖可持续发展的一种新模式。

Study on aquatics and ecosystem in estuary intertidal area

The mangrove plant-breed system was made up of three kinds of mangrove plants, such as Sonneratia caseolaris L., Kandelia candel L. Druce, and Ageiceras comiculatum(L.)Blanco with the area proportion 15%, 30%, 45% respectively. Some Sciaenops ocellatus fish was breed in this system. One year later, it turned out that every kind of mangrove plants with different area proportions the quantities of TN phosphate, and bacteria could be effectively removed in the seawater,and DO concentration was increased greatly.All of the three kinds of mangrove plants had the trend of increasing in the shape of individual plant, the status of growth, and the biomass,the unlization and cycle coefficient of nitrogen and phosphor showed Sonneratia caseolaris L. >Ageiceras comiculatum(L.)Blanco>Kandelia candel L. Druce. At the same time, the growth of the creatures breed in the system had also been promoted and then the output of the breed production were increased accordingly. The plant-breed coupling system of mangrove plants and shore seawater is a new good circulating man-made ecosystem and it can realize the organiccombination of benefit, economic , and social benefit. this is a new sustainable development pattern.